A low-density parity-check (LDPC) code is a linear error correcting code, a method of transmitting a message over a noisy transmission channel.  An LDPC is constructed using a sparse bipartite graph. LDPC codes are capacity-approaching codes, which means that practical constructions exist that allow the noise threshold to be set very close (or even arbitrarily close on the BEC) to the theoretical maximum (the Shannon limit) for a symmetric memoryless channel.